A recent study published in the journal PLoS Pathogens finds that HIV can damage the mucous membranes of genital and intestinal cells, allowing HIV and bacteria to enter the body.
Cells in the intestines and the genitals (such as inside the vagina) are normally surrounded by a protective layer of mucous membranes. It was previously thought that HIV entered the bloodstream through small tears in this membrane that can occur during sexual intercourse.
Although this is still a possible mechanism of transmission, this study indicates that tears might not be needed for HIV to get inside the body.
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